解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Antinatalist commentators recommend that humanity bring itself to a close, on the theory that pain and suffering override the value of any possible life. Other commentators do not require the voluntary extinction of human beings, but they defend that outcome if people were to choose against having children. Against su...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12290
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Is it ethical to pay patients for selecting cheaper medical treatments? The healthcare system in the United States is notoriously profligate, at least in part because when insurers foot the bill, patients have little incentive to avoid wasteful treatments. One familiar means for dealing with this problem is for insure...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12267
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Do biological relations ground responsibilities between biological fathers and their offspring? Few think biological relations ground either necessary or sufficient conditions for responsibility. Nevertheless, many think biological relations ground responsibility at least partially. Various scenarios, such as cases co...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12213
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine whether a particular course of conduct is ethically permissible it is important to have a concept of what it means to be harmed. The dominant theory of harm is the counterfactual account, most famously proposed by Joel Feinberg. This determines whether harm is caused by comparing what actually ha...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12207
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several recent articles have weighed in on the question of whether moral philosophers can be counted as moral experts. One argument denying this has been rejected by both sides of the debate. According to this argument, the extent of disagreement in modern moral philosophy prevents moral philosophers from being classi...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12173
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Is it ethical to market complementary and alternative medicines? Complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) are medical products and services outside the mainstream of medical practice. But they are not just medicines (or supposed medicines) offered and provided for the prevention and treatment of illness. They are...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12226
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the most ambitious and sophisticated recent approaches to provide a theory of global health justice is Sridhar Venkatapuram's recent work. In this commentary, we first outline the core idea of Venkatapuram's approach to global health justice. We then argue that one of the most important elements of the account,...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12224
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A common strategy in bioethics is to posit a prima facie case in favour of one policy, and to then claim that the burden of proof (that this policy should be rejected) falls on those with opposing views. If the burden of proof is not met, it is claimed, then the policy in question should be accepted. This article illu...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12194
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article introduces questions in psychiatric ethics regarding the substantial field of qualitative and quantitative research into 'posttraumatic growth', which investigates how, after devastating experiences, individuals can come to feel that they have developed warmer relationships, increased spirituality, or a c...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12164
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of vulnerability has been subject to numerous different interpretations but accounts are still beset with significant problems as to their adequacy, such as their contentious application or the lack of genuine explanatory role for the concept. The constant failure to provide a compelling conceptual analysi...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12144
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biobanks are essential tools for furthering a broad range of medical research areas. However, despite the plethora of national and international laws and guidelines which apply to them, the access and sharing policies of biobanks are only sparsely addressed by regulatory bodies. The 'give and take' process of biosampl...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12134
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ethical concept of responsiveness has largely been interpreted in the context of international clinical research. In light of the increasing conduct of externally funded health systems research (HSR) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), this article examines how responsiveness might be understood for such ...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12138
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is widely assumed that it is ethical to conduct research with human subjects only if the research has social value. There are two standard arguments for this view. The allocation argument claims that public funds should not be devoted to research that lacks social value. The exploitation avoidance argument claims t...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12128
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social work and bioethics are fields deeply committed to cross-disciplinary collaboration to do their respective work. While scholars and practitioners from both fields share a commitment to social justice and to respecting the dignity, integrity and the worth of all persons, the overlap between the fields, including ...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12106
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acts of helping others are often based on mixed motivations. Based on this claim, it has been argued that the use of a financial reward to incentivize organ donation is compatible with promoting altruism in organ donation. In its report Human Bodies: Donation for Medicine and Research, the Nuffield Council on Bioethic...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12078
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is an emerging form of prenatal genetic testing that provides information about the genetic constitution of a foetus without the risk of pregnancy loss as a direct result of the test procedure. As with other prenatal tests, information from NIPT can help to make a decision about te...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12125
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A common reason for giving research participants post-trial access (PTA) to the trial intervention appeals to reciprocity, the principle, stated most generally, that if one person benefits a second, the second should reciprocate: benefit the first in return. Many authors consider it obvious that reciprocity supports P...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12039
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 'New Threats to Academic Freedom' Francesca Minerva argues that anonymity for the authors of controversial articles is a prerequisite for academic freedom in the Internet age. This argument draws its intellectual and emotional power from the author's account of the reaction to the on-line publication of ' After-bir...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12093
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In his article 'Why Moral Philosophers Are Not and Should Not Be Moral Experts' David Archard attempts to show that his argument from common-sense morality is more convincing than other competing arguments in the debate. I examine his main line of argumentation and eventually refute his main argument in my reply. ...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2012.02004.x
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some bioethicists argue that conscientious objectors in health care should have to justify themselves, just as objectors in the military do. They should have to provide reasons that explain why they should be exempt from offering the services that they find offensive. There are two versions of this view in the literat...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bioe.12055
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical tourism (MT) can be conceptualized as the intentional pursuit of non-emergency surgical interventions by patients outside their nation of residence. Despite increasing popular interest in MT, the ethical issues associated with the practice have thus far been under-examined. MT has been associated with a range ...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2011.01942.x
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::I argue for a conception of health as a person's ability to achieve or exercise a cluster of basic human activities. These basic activities are in turn specified through free-standing ethical reasoning about what constitutes a minimal conception of a human life with equal human dignity in the modern world. I arrive at...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2011.01953.x
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fulford has argued that (1) the medical concepts illness, disease and dysfunction are inescapably evaluative terms, (2) illness is conceptually prior to disease, and (3) a model conforming to (2) has greater explanatory power and practical utility than the conventional value-free medical model. This 'reverse' model em...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2011.01902.x
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in reprogramming technology do not bypass the ethical challenge of embryo sacrifice. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) research has been and almost certainly will continue to be conducted within the context of embryo sacrifice. If human embryos have moral status as human beings, then participation in...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2011.01891.x
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rebecca Bennett, in a recent paper dismissing Julian Savulescu's principle of procreative beneficence, advances both a negative and a positive thesis. The negative thesis holds that the principle's theoretical foundation - the notion of impersonal harm or non-person-affecting wrong - is indefensible. Therefore, there ...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01870.x
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The grounds for global solidarity have been theorized and conceptualized in recent years, and many have argued that we need a global concept of solidarity. But the question remains: what can motivate efforts of the international community and nation-states? Our focus is the grounding of solidarity with respect to glob...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2012.01991.x
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Like any discipline, bioethics is a developing field of academic inquiry; and recent trends in scholarship have been towards more engagement with empirical research. This 'empirical turn' has provoked extensive debate over how such 'descriptive' research carried out in the social sciences contributes to the distinctiv...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01843.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Jansen and Wall suggest a new way of defending hard paternalism in clinical research. They argue that non-therapeutic research exposing people to more than minimal risk should be banned on egalitarian grounds: in preventing poor decision-makers from making bad decisions, we will promote equality of welfare. We argue t...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01816.x
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate whether Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong share similar perceptions with their Western counterparts regarding their capacity for autonomous decision-making, and secondarily whether Chinese parents underestimate their adolescent children's desire and capacity for autonomous decision-making. MET...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01803.x
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, we argue that a critical examination of epistemological and anthropological presuppositions might lead to a more fruitful use of theory in clinical-ethical practice. We differentiate between two views of conceptualizing ethics, referring to Charles Taylors' two epistemological models: 'monological' ve...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2011.01912.x
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article is a response to McLeod and Baylis (2007) who speculate on the dangers of requesting fresh 'spare' embryos from IVF patients for human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research, particularly when those embryos are good enough to be transferred back to the woman. They argue that these embryos should be frozen in...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2009.01792.x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Incompetent patients need to have someone else make decisions on their behalf. According to the Substituted Judgment Standard the surrogate decision maker ought to make the decision that the patient would have made, had he or she been competent. Objections have been raised against this traditional construal of the sta...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2009.01768.x
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In From Chance to Choice, Allen Buchanan, Dan Brock, Norman Daniels and Daniel Wikler propose a new way of defending the moral significance of the distinction between genetic treatments and enhancements. They develop what they call a 'normal function model' of equality of opportunity and argue that it offers a 'limite...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2009.01750.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Empirical studies in Muslim communities on organ donation and blood transfusion show that Muslim counsellors play an important role in the decision process. Despite the emerging importance of online English Sunni fatwas, these fatwas on organ donation and blood transfusion have hardly been studied, thus crea...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2009.01782.x
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper considers the disciplines of literature and history and the contributions each makes to the discourse of bioethics. In each case I note the pedagogic ends that can be enacted though the appropriate use of the each of these disciplines in the sphere of medical education, particularly in the medical ethics cl...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01818.x
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::I reflect on the past, present, and future of the field of bioethics. In so doing, I offer a very situated overview of where bioethics has been, where it now is, where it seems to be going, where I think we could do better, and where I dearly hope the field will be heading. I also propose three ways of re-orienting ou...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01866.x
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been claimed in several places that the new genetic technologies allow humanity to achieve in a generation or two what might take natural selection hundreds of millennia in respect of the elimination of certain diseases and an increase in traits such as intelligence. More radically, it has been suggested that t...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2008.01703.x
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept of 'intimate citizenship' stresses the right of people to choose how they organize their personal lives and claim identities. Support and interest groups are seen as playing an important role in the pursuit of recognition for these intimate choices, by elaborating visible and positive cultures that invade ...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01830.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::An educated guess about the future of academic bioethics can only be made on the basis of the historical conditions of its success. According to its official history, which attributes its success primarily to the service it has done for the patient, it should be safe at least as long as the patient still needs its ser...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2010.01807.x
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a Living Donor List Exchange program, the donor makes his kidney available for allocation to patients on the postmortal waiting-list and receives in exchange a postmortal kidney, usually an O-kidney, to be given to the recipient he favours. The program can be a solution for a candidate donor who is unable to donate...
journal_title:Bioethics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2008.00684.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00